Synchronizing apparatus.



r. PIERINI. SYN GHRON IZIN G APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED MAY 16, 1908.

.n H mm M N. m h w A u Patented NOV. 30, 1909.

mmfssm 4 9 WW4 starts Parana- PIETRO PIERINI, OF HOME, ITALY.

SYNCHRONIZING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Pat t N 30, 1 9

Application fiIedMay 16, 1908.- Serial No. 433,206.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, PIETRO PIERINI, a subject of the King of Italy, residingat No.

224 Via Cavour,-in the city of Rome, Italy,

have invented a new and useful Synchronizing Apparatus, of'which the following is a specification. I

The object of this invention is to provide an electro mechanical apparatus for synchronizing automatically the movement of a kinematographwith that of one or more talking machines. i

The apparatus devised by me to that purpose is formed essentially as follows:

A mechanical power imparts the movement, by means of a sufficiently slack belt, to

a transmission-shaft on which are mounted a centrifugal regulator for actuating abrake, an electric current-distributer, and a gear which, in its turn, transmits the movement by way of a rigid transmission, to the mechanism of a kinematograph. The belt sufficiently loose, .being able to slip on the pulley mounted on the translnission-shaft, allows the regulator to actuate the centrifugal brake and renders regular therefore the and separately to the various sections of'thc" magnetizing winding fitted on the stator of movement of the distributer, and consequently that of the kinematograph.

The distributer mounted on the tra'nsmission-shaft and fully described hereinafter, sends the electric current which may be supplied by any form of generator, successively an electro-magnetic brake. The rotor of the said electro-magnetic brake, energized by an electric current, is mounted upona shaft coupled mechanically to that of the talking machine. n

.The talking Y machine is actuated by a source of power quite distinct from that which causes the' rotation of the kinematograph, andpreferably by the power derived from a clock-spring. previously wound. I

The rotor of the electro-magnetic brake being mounted on the shaft of the talking machine, which is generally moved by a tension spring, modifies ,when necessary the movement of the talking machine so as to i render it perfectly synchronous with that of the kinematograph. This. action of the brake is automatic and uninterrupted. In this arrangement, therefore, three powers act: The first power (which may be of any kind whatever) impresses motion to the kinematograph and to a distributer; the second power (which may be also of any kind, but preferably originated from atension spring) actuates the talking machine; the third power originated by electricity energizes, through the distributer, the electro-magnetic brake, which regulates automatically and' without interruption the speed of the talking machine, rendering it synchronous with that of the kinematograph.

My invention is illustrated in the accom- I panying drawings, in which Figure 1 represents a diagram of the whole arrangement of devices and their connection. Fig. 2 is a plan showing in detail the distributer, the electro-magnetic brake and their electric connection. Fig. 3 shows amod-ified arrangement of the distributer and its connection with the electro-magnetic brake. In the upper part of Fig. l the following devices are grouped: A motor 1, by means of a belt 2, drives the transmission shaft 3, 4.

On this shaft is mounted the distributer 5, on which the brushes 6 and 7 rest. These brushes receive current from the electric power source 8. On the same shaft a centrifugal speed regulator 9 is mounted, which actuates a friction-brake l0, adjustable by a means of screw 11. A pinion 12, mounted on the said transmission shaft, meshes with wheel 13, which in its turn causes the sprocket wheel 14 to rotate and, thus transmitting by means of chain 15 the motion to the sprocket wheel 16, which actuates the kinematograph 17. Belt 2 must be slack so asto allow the centrifugal brake to regulate the speed of the distributer and of the kine-.' matograph. The dist'ributer 15 has three rings mounted on the, transmission shaft uter, consisting essentially of a metallic drum divided by means of longitudinal cuttings into three sections 30, and 32, comprising three equal arcs and insulated from each other. These sections are electrically connected with rings33, 34 and 35, on whlch thethree brushes/18,19 rest respectively.

I These three brushes are joined, through conduotors 21, 22 and 23, to the terminals 36, 37 and 38 ofthe stator of the electro-magnetic brake. from terminals 36, 37 and 38 and end at terminal 39. The electric current supplied by generator 8-is carried to the distributer by brushes 6 and 7 which rest on the drum of the distributer at diametrically opposite points and, through brushes 18, 19 and 20, it is further carried to the three windings of thestator.v The electric currents supplied by the distributer create in the iron ring 24 (stator) a magnetic flux which displaces with a speed depending upon the distribut er itself. In the method ofconnecting sho .n inFig. 2 the current passes simultaneously through two of these three windings. Within stator 24 the rotor 25 is placed concentrically and mounted upon shaft 26. The rotor consists of an iron wheel provided with pole tips on each of which are placed coils, every other coil being wound in the same direction. These coils form part of a circuit ending in rings .40 and 4:1. The necessary current is carried to ringsAO and 41 by means of a couple of brushes 4:2 and 43.

Fig. 3 represents another method of connecting up the distributer.- In thisv case generator 8 carries the electric current directly to terminal 39, the joining point of the three windings of the stator, by means of a conductor connected with one pole of said generator; the other pole is put in connection with brush 6 on the drum ante "disthe latter and of'the distributer, which-will. be in a definite ratio to the speed of the shaft of the kinematograph. In consequence of the rotation of the distributer, the stator will be the seat of a rotary field, the direction of rotation to be chosen so as to agree with that of the movement originating from the spring which actuates the shaft 26, such shaft being comino n to tlie rear 25' of thebrake and -tothe talking "maehineWThisi having been settled, we may disregard the kinematograph, as its rotaryspeed is made to be uniform by the special mechanical device and is controlled by screw 11, so as to fit the scene or subject to be taken or reproduced. WVe must, therefore, only consider how to regulate the speed of the talking machine 27, so that it may be kept in a definite numerical ratio to that of the kinematograph, so that the movementof these two apparatuses and consequently the movement The windings of the stator start 7 machine.

'action of Such brake tending to accelerate the speed of the talking machine whenever such speed is below that required for synchronizing and tending to'retard it in the I contraryvcase. Indeed the resisting couple of the rotor of the said brake proves to be (the speed of the rotary field of the stator being equal, as well as its intensity) proportionate to the speed of the rotor and therefore also to the rotary speed of the talking The said couple opposing the acceleration of the spring will cause first a constant or uniform speed for the talkingmachine, which we shall take as synchronous speed, and furthermore will tend to compensate automatically and immediately, by. means of variations in its own intensity, any casual variations of the said synchronous speed. v

The practical useof the apparatus, the natureand working of which I have explained requires small consumption of electric power (the regulator only acting as a brake). To make the apparatus work it is suflicient to establishan initial correspondence between the kinematographic film and ed in any suitable manner.

' I claim: l. The combination with a kinematograph andatalkfngmachine, of apparatus for effecting their synchronous operation comprising separate motors for the kinematograph, and for the talking machine, a transmission device for said kinematograph and autoinatic means controlled by the movement of the transmission device of said kinemato- {the gramophone record, which can be effectgraph for controlling the speed of thetalking machine.

2. The combination with a kinematograph and a talking machine, of apparatus for effecting their synchronous operation comprising separate motors for the kinematograph and for the talking machine, a transmission device for said kinematograph and an electromagnetic brake for said talking machine, said brake being controlled by the movement of the transmission device of said kinematograpln IBQ The combinatibn with a kinematograph and a talking machine, ofapparatus for effecting their synchronous operation comprising separate motors for the kinematograph and for the talkingina-chine, a transmission device for said kinemat'ograph, a current dis tributer carried by said transmission device and an electromagnetic brake controlled by 941,891 g Y I 8 machine, a motor for said kinematograph; a netic brake and said distributer whereby the transmission shaft and distributer, and a brake is controlled by the distributer. centrifugal brake on said transmission shaft, PIETRO PIERINI a motor for said talking machine, an electromagnetic brake for retarding the movement Witnesses:

of the talking machine motor, and an elec- GIULIO ELLIOT,

trical connection between said e1ectro-mag- GUANO VARIANO. 

